Skip to content Skip to sidebar Skip to footer
Home / Pembahasan Tryout TOEFL ITP Reading Comprehension Part 2

Pembahasan Tryout TOEFL ITP Reading Comprehension Part 2

by Admin Post a Comment

Reading Passage 1: The Discovery of X-Rays 

In the late 19th century, scientists were becoming increasingly fascinated with the invisible forces of nature. In 1895, a German physicist named Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays in a darkened laboratory. During his research, he noticed that a fluorescent screen in the room began to glow, even though it was not in the direct path of the cathode rays. He hypothesized that another, previously unknown type of ray was being emitted from the vacuum tube he was using.

Roentgen investigated this mysterious phenomenon further and discovered that these new rays could pass through solid objects, including human tissue, but not through denser materials like bone or metal. He named them "X-rays" to signify the unknown nature of the rays. His experiments showed that X-rays could produce images of the bones inside the human body, which had never been possible before. This breakthrough stunned the scientific community and gained widespread public attention.

The discovery of X-rays revolutionized the field of medicine almost overnight. Within a year, doctors were using X-rays to examine broken bones and locate foreign objects inside patients. The technology continued to advance, leading to the development of more sophisticated imaging techniques. Roentgen received the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901 for his discovery, and his work laid the foundation for modern radiology. Although he chose not to patent the technology, believing it should benefit all of humanity, his contribution remains one of the most important in medical history.

Soal 1: What is the main idea of the passage?
Jawaban: C. The discovery and impact of X-rays on science and medicine

Pembahasan:

  • Paragraf 1: Menjelaskan penemuan sinar-X oleh Roentgen.

  • Paragraf 2: Menjelaskan apa itu sinar-X dan bagaimana mereka bekerja.

  • Paragraf 3: Menjelaskan dampak besar sinar-X dalam dunia medis dan penghargaan terhadap Roentgen.
    ➡ Jadi, seluruh isi teks fokus pada penemuan dan dampaknya — itulah inti dari jawaban C.

Soal 2: What did Roentgen notice during his experiment with cathode rays?
Jawaban: B. The fluorescent screen glowed without direct exposure

Pembahasan:
Kalimat di paragraf 1:

"He noticed that a fluorescent screen in the room began to glow, even though it was not in the direct path of the cathode rays."
➡ Ini adalah pernyataan tersurat (stated), dan jawaban B mengutip secara tepat.

 

Soal 3: It can be inferred that before X-rays were discovered, doctors had difficulty:
Jawaban: A. seeing the bones inside a patient’s body

Pembahasan:

  • Paragraf 2 menyebut:

"...X-rays could produce images of the bones inside the human body, which had never been possible before."
➡ Kalimat itu menyiratkan bahwa sebelumnya, dokter tidak bisa melihat tulang tanpa operasi. Maka kesimpulan logis adalah jawaban A.


Soal 4: The word revolutionized in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:
Jawaban: C. transformed

Pembahasan:
Kalimat lengkapnya:

"The discovery of X-rays revolutionized the field of medicine almost overnight."
➡ Dalam konteks ini, “revolutionized” berarti mengubah secara drastis dan cepat. Sinonim terdekat: transformed.


Soal 5: The word “his” in the last paragraph refers to:
Jawaban: C. Roentgen

Pembahasan:
Kalimat lengkap:

"...his contribution remains one of the most important in medical history."
➡ Kalimat sebelumnya menyebut Roentgen sebagai penemu sinar-X dan penerima Nobel. Jadi jelas bahwa “his” mengacu ke Roentgen.


Soal 6: What is the author's attitude toward Roentgen’s contribution to science?
Jawaban: C. Admiring

Pembahasan:

  • Penulis menyebut Roentgen memenangkan Nobel, tidak mengambil paten, dan memberi manfaat untuk seluruh umat manusia.

  • Gaya bahasanya penuh penghargaan dan kekaguman, jadi jelas sikap penulis adalah admiring.


Soal 7: All of the following are true about X-rays EXCEPT:
Jawaban: C. They were named after Roentgen

Pembahasan:

  • Paragraf 2:

"He named them 'X-rays' to signify the unknown nature of the rays."
➡ Artinya, dinamai berdasarkan “X” (tidak diketahui), bukan dari nama Roentgen.
➡ Maka pernyataan bahwa “They were named after Roentgen” adalah SALAH, cocok sebagai jawaban EXCEPT.


Reading Passage 2: The Honeybee’s Dance Language 

The honeybee is one of the most fascinating insects due to its complex social behavior and unique method of communication. Within a hive, honeybees communicate with one another through a series of movements known as the “waggle dance.” This dance is performed by worker bees that have located a new source of nectar and wish to inform others in the hive.

The waggle dance conveys both the direction and distance of the food source from the hive. The bee moves in a figure-eight pattern and waggles its body during the straight portion of the dance. The angle of this straight run, relative to the vertical comb of the hive, indicates the direction of the food source relative to the sun. Meanwhile, the duration of the waggle run corresponds to the distance of the food source from the hive.

In addition to visual cues, the dance may also produce vibrations and sounds that assist in transmitting information, especially in the dark interior of the hive. This remarkable form of communication was first decoded by Austrian ethologist Karl von Frisch, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1973 for his discoveries regarding bee behavior.

The waggle dance highlights the sophistication of non-human communication systems and demonstrates the importance of cooperation within animal societies

Soal 8. What is the main topic of the passage?

Jawaban: C. The honeybee's unique method of communication

Pembahasan:
Paragraf pertama langsung menyebut bahwa yang membuat lebah madu menarik adalah metode komunikasinya, yaitu “waggle dance”. Paragraf-paragraf berikut menjelaskan detail bagaimana tarian itu dilakukan dan apa fungsinya.

  • A. The role of queen bees in a hive → Tidak disebutkan sama sekali.

  • B. The structure of honeybee colonies → Bukan struktur koloninya yang dibahas.

  • D. The diet of honeybees → Tidak ada pembahasan tentang makanan apa yang dikonsumsi.

Soal 9. The word “fascinating” in line 1 is closest in meaning to:

Jawaban: C. interesting

Pembahasan:
Kata "fascinating" artinya menarik, mengagumkan. Dalam konteks kalimatnya:

“The honeybee is one of the most fascinating insects due to its complex social behavior…”

Artinya lebah madu dianggap sangat menarik karena perilaku sosialnya yang kompleks.

  • A. boring → Berlawanan makna.

  • B. puzzling → Artinya membingungkan, bukan konteksnya.

  • D. dangerous → Tidak ada kesan bahaya.

Soal 10. According to the passage, what information does the waggle dance convey?

Jawaban: C. The location of nectar relative to the hive

Pembahasan:
Disebut jelas dalam paragraf kedua:

“The waggle dance conveys both the direction and distance of the food source from the hive.”

Artinya: waggle dance memberitahu arah dan jarak, yaitu lokasi sumber makanan (nektar).

  • A. The number of bees needed… → Tidak disebutkan.

  • B. The type of flower… → Jenis bunga tidak dijelaskan.

  • D. The time of day… → Tidak berkaitan.

Soal 11. How does the bee indicate the direction of the food source?

Jawaban: B. By the angle of its waggle run relative to the hive

Pembahasan:
Masih dari paragraf kedua:

“The angle of this straight run, relative to the vertical comb of the hive, indicates the direction…”

Jadi, sudut gerakan lurus lebah menunjukkan arah sumber makanan terhadap posisi matahari.

  • A. Through the sound… → Suara membantu, tapi tidak untuk arah.

  • C. By moving in a circular motion → Gerakan utamanya adalah figure-eight, bukan hanya lingkaran.

  • D. By tapping other bees… → Tidak ada info soal ini.

Soal 12. Why are vibrations and sounds important in the waggle dance?

Jawaban: C. They help communicate in the dark hive environment

Pembahasan:
Disebut di paragraf ketiga:

“...produce vibrations and sounds that assist in transmitting information, especially in the dark interior of the hive.”

Jadi suara dan getaran penting karena kondisi dalam sarang yang gelap.

  • A. Alert the queen… → Tidak disebutkan.

  • B. Entertain other bees… → Ini keliru.

  • D. Mimic the noises of predators… → Tidak relevan.

Soal 13. Who was the scientist that decoded the waggle dance?

Jawaban: C. Karl von Frisch

Pembahasan:
Paragraf ketiga menjelaskan:

“...was first decoded by Austrian ethologist Karl von Frisch, who was awarded the Nobel Prize…”

  • A. Charles Darwin → Evolusi.

  • B. Gregor Mendel → Pewarisan gen.

  • D. Albert Einstein → Fisika, tidak relevan dengan lebah.

Soal 14. What can be inferred about honeybees based on the passage?

Jawaban: B. They exhibit behavior that suggests a high level of social cooperation

Pembahasan:
Dari seluruh isi bacaan, terlihat bahwa lebah madu saling bekerja sama — ketika satu menemukan makanan, ia menari untuk memberitahu yang lain. Ini menunjukkan kerja sama sosial tingkat tinggi.

  • A. Rely mainly on scent… → Tidak disebutkan.

  • C. Solitary… → Justru mereka sangat sosial.

  • D. Use communication only in times of danger → Salah, karena tarian dilakukan untuk berbagi info makanan, bukan saat bahaya.

Sekian pembahasan soal tryout TOEFL ITP Reading Comprehenssion Part 2

Post a Comment for "Pembahasan Tryout TOEFL ITP Reading Comprehension Part 2"